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St. Michael's Church

09/15/2016

The Church of Saint Michael is a Gothic-style Roman Catholic church in Cluj-Napoca. It is the second largest church (after the Black Church of Brasov) in Transylvania, Romania. The nave is 50 meters long and 24 meters wide, the apse is 20×10 m. The tower with its height of 76 meter (80 meter including the cross) is the highest one in Transylvania. The western portal is decorated with the three coats of arms of Sigismund as King of Hungary, as King of the Czech Kingdom and as Holy Roman Emperor.

The construction was begun probably in place of the Saint James Chapel. The financing of the church was partly done by the citizens, partly from the income of indulgences. (The first related document from 1349, signed by the archbishop of Avignon and fifteen other bishops grants the indulgence for those contributing to the illumination and furniture of the Saint Michael Church.) The construction was completed between 1442-1447, the old tower was built between 1511-1545. The tower that stands today was erected in 1862.

The church was converted with the population to Protestantism between 1545-1566. Then the more radical Unitarian patry took it over in the period 1566-1716. At last, it was confiscated in the counter reformation by the Habsburg government supported Catholic Church.

The oldest of its sections is the altar, inaugurated in 1390, while the newest part is the clock tower, which was built in Gothic Revival style (1837-1862).

Some important historical events that took place in the church:

- 26 July 1551: Queen Isabella of Hungary gives the Hungarian Crown to General Castaldo, the deputy of Ferdinand I., and cedes with that Hungary and Transylvania
- 23 October 1556: Queen Isabella returns and takes back the reign of Transylvania, in the name of her son, the child John II Sigismund Zápolya
- 27 March 1601: the third investiture of Sigismund Báthory as Prince of Transylvania
- 12 February 1607: election of Sigismund Rákóczi as Prince of Transylvania
- 7 March 1608: election of Gabriel Báthory as Prince of Transylvania
- 13 October 1613: election of Gabriel Bethlen as Prince of Transylvania
- 18 May 1944: the speech of Áron Márton, bishop of the Roman Catholic Church in Transylvania in which he strongly condemned the deportation of Jews.

The most representative architectural monument in Cluj, the Cathedral of St Michael was built during 138 years (1349 to 1487) and the tower was built in 1859. With 70 meters length and a height of nearly 80 meters, St Michael is among the Black Church of Brasov and the Evangelical Cathedral Sibiu one of the most imposing Gothic monuments from Transylvania. The church was built on a land which served as a cemetery and where was a chapel dedicated to St. Jacob.

The building is a church with elongate altar, cross arched on ogive and flanked by side altars. Vault, stained glass and sculptures excel by a surprising grandeur to that time, seen particularly in Western cathedrals. Above the entrance gate is a chevron representing St. Michael, and under the chevron there is the emblem of the Holy Roman Empire, of the Hungarian Kingdom and of the Kingdom of Bohemia. Their existence is due to Sigismund of Luxembourg (1387-1437), under which it seems that the building was completed. He was Roman emperor and at the same time, King of Hungary and Bohemia.

This church is one of the most beautiful gothic monuments in Transylvania. St. Michael's Church was erected between 1350 and 1487 on the site of the former St. Jacob's Chapel. The altar, built around 1390, is the oldest part of the church. The most recent section is the tower, erected in neo-gothic style in 1860. The star-shaped vault, the stained-glass windows and the sculptures impress with their beauty and grandeur. Repeated restorations revealed early 15th century murals. The latest restoration took place between 1957 and 1960.

The location of St. Michael's Church, Cluj-Napoca is in Piata Unirii, in the city of Cluj-Napoca. This church is among the oldest and most beautiful monuments of Transylvania. The church has a Gothic style of architecture. The St. Michael's Church in Cluj-Napoca is set in the center of the city. This church was constructed during the year 1350 and 1487. The construction of St. Michael's Church, Cluj-Napoca took place directly after the settlement was officially declared as a town in the year 1316.

The altar at this church is the oldest part and it dates back to 1390. The altar at this church measures 24 meters. The Gothic style clock tower was constructed from 1837 to 1859. The measurement of the tower is 80 meter. The tower has a 4 m high cross. The central area of this church is fifty meters long. The walls here are ten meters in height. Most of the paintings that once hung within this church are lost but when some restoration work was being done, few old and artful paintings were found. These paintings belong to the 14th or 15th century. It seems like these paintings were ruined during the time when it was in the possession of the Protestants. The Protestants preferred bare walls and so they might have destructed these frescos. A priest named Biro Janos re-embellished the St. Michael's Church at Cluj-Napoca. The pulpit here was transformed into baroque. Golden adornments, carvings, basso relievo were used to decorate the church. You will find a statue of Archangel Michael on the acme of the pulpit crown.

The outside walls of this church have the traces of medieval graffiti. The embellishments of the main entrance are from 1419. This gate has 3 coat-of-arms. These belong to the rule of king Zsigmond. The coat of the Roman-German Empire is placed in the center, the Hungarian coat in the east, and the Czech coat in the west. This church is well maintained, as it was professionally furbished up during 1956-1963.

The star-shaped vault and the stained-glass windows at this church are very beautiful. The sculptures here are also quite impressive.

Today, St. Michael's Church is one of the most prominent Tourist Attractions in Cluj-Napoca which you should visit while you are here.